Njengethuluzi elibalulekile ekukhiqizeni isinkwa, amabhikawozi, kanye nezimo zokucubungula ukudla, imishini yokusika isinkwa inezindawo zayo zokuthengisa ezigxile ekusikeni kahle, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo oqediwe, ukusebenza kalula, kanye nezimo ezisebenzayo. I-zhangzhouwanli ithuthukise ngokugcwele izindawo zobuhlungu zokusika okwenziwa ngesandla.
1.Ubukhulu bokusika nokunemba kanye nokuvumelana, Ukuqinisekisa Ukumiswa Komkhiqizo
Lapho usika isinkwa mathupha, kulula ukuba nogqinsi lukacezu olungahambisani kanye nemiphetho etshekile ngenxa yamandla angalingani kanye nokuchezuka kwe-engeli, okuthinta ukubukeka nokuthengisa okulandelayo. Kodwa-ke, imishini yokusika isinkwa ifinyelela "ucezu ngalunye luyefana" ngokulawula okunembile kwemishini:
Ukulawula ukujiya okunembe: Amamodeli amaningi afakwe amaknobhu edijithali noma izikrini zokuthinta, ezingasetha ngokunembile ukujiya kocezu (ngokuvamile ukusuka ku-0.5mm kuya ku-50mm). Kusukela kuzingcezu ze-toast ezizacile kakhulu (ezifanele amasemishi) kuya kuzingcezu ze-baguette ezisikwe ugqinsi (ezifanele isosi yokucwiliswa), iphutha lingalawuleka phakathi kuka-±0.1mm, kugwenywe "ukujiya okungalingani" kokusikwa ngesandla.
Imiphetho eyisicaba ngaphandle kokulimala: Ngezinkwa zezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezifana nesinkwa esithambile (njengekhekhe le-chiffon, isinkwa sikakhilimu) nesinkwa esicwebezelayo (njenge-baguette, isinkwa saseYurophu), ama-blades omshini wokusika enziwe ngezinto ezikhethekile (njengensimbi engagqwali yezinga lokudla, imimese ehlanganisiwe). Kuhlanganiswe nedivaysi yokudlulisa isivinini esifanayo, ngeke icindezele umzimba wesinkwa ukuze kubangele ukuwa (isinkwa esithambile) noma imvuthu (isinkwa esicwebezelayo) ngesikhathi sokusika. Imiphetho ibushelelezi ngaphandle kwe-serration, ithuthukisa ukubukeka komkhiqizo.
Ukungaguquguquki okuphezulu ekusikeni kwenqwaba: Ekukhiqizeni ngobuningi bezimboni zokubhaka noma izitolo zamaketanga, ngemva kokucutshungulwa umshini wokusika, ucezu ngalunye lwesinkwa eqoqweni elifanayo lunobukhulu obufanayo ngokuphelele kanye nokuma, oluhlangabezana nezidingo zokumiswa kwemikhiqizo yamaketanga, nokugwema ukuguquguquka kwekhwalithi okubangelwa ukukhathala kanye nokwehluka kwesipiliyoni ekusebenzeni ngesandla.
2. Ukusebenza Okuphakeme Nokusindisa Umsebenzi, Kuthuthukisa Kakhulu Ukuphumelela Kokukhiqiza
Ukusika isinkwa okwenziwa ngesandla kudla isikhathi futhi kudla umsebenzi, futhi umuntu oyedwa angasika okungenani izinkwa ezingama-20-30 ngehora, okunzima ukuhlangabezana nesidingo seqoqo. Kodwa-ke, imishini yokusika isinkwa ifinyelela ukusebenza kahle ngokuklama okuzenzakalelayo:
Ukusika okuqhubekayo ngesivinini esiphezulu: Amamodeli amancane edeskithophu angasika izinkwa ezingu-50-100 ngehora, futhi amamodeli amakhulu omugqa wokuhlanganisa (afakwe ama-conveyors) angafinyelela izinkwa ezingaphezu kuka-300 ngehora, okuyizikhathi ezingu-5-10 ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kunokusika ngesandla. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi samahora aphezulu ekuseni emabhikawozi, kuthatha imizuzu eyi-10 kuphela ukucubungula izinkwa eziyi-100 ze-toast ngomshini wokusika, kuyilapho kuthatha okungenani ihora elingu-1 ngesandla.
Ukusebenza okonga abasebenzi, ukunciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi: Asikho isidingo sokubamba isinkwa bese ucindezela ukusika ngesandla. Udinga kuphela ukufaka isinkwa endaweni yokufaka okuphakelayo, futhi okokusebenza kuzoqedela ngokuzenzakalelayo izinqubo zokudlulisa, zokubeka, nokusika. Umuntu oyedwa angasebenzisa amadivaysi amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa noma anakekele ezinye izinqubo (ezifana nokupakisha), ukunciphisa okokufaka kwabasebenzi.
Ukujwayela isinkwa esinosayizi omkhulu: Ngesinkwa eside (njenge-baguette engamamitha angu-1 ubude), isinkwa esiyindilinga (njengesinkwa esiyindilinga saseYurophu), kanye nethosti enkulu (usayizi omkhulu wezohwebo), ukusika okwenziwa ngesandla kudinga ukulungiswa okuphindaphindiwe kwe-engeli. Kodwa-ke, ububanzi nokuphakama kwesiteshi sokuphakelayo somshini wokusika kungashintshwa ukuze kube nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene (ngokuvamile ububanzi obukhulu buyi-30cm futhi ukuphakama buyi-20cm), futhi ukusika konke kungaqedwa ngokuphakelayo okukodwa ngaphandle kokucubungula kwesigaba.
3. Ukuzivumelanisa Nezinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene Zesinkwa, Ukuxazulula Ubunzima Bokusika “Izimo Ezikhethekile”
Izinkwa ezahlukene zinomehluko omkhulu ekuthunjweni ngenxa yezinto ezihlukahlukene zokusetshenziswa (ukolweni wonke, ukhilimu, amantongomane, izithelo ezomisiwe) kanye nezinqubo (i-fermentation degree, ukuqina kokubhaka). Ukusika ngesandla kuvame ukuba nezinkinga ezifana “nokuguqulwa kwesinkwa esithambile, imvuthuluka yesinkwa esiqinile, nokuvuza kokugcwalisa isinkwa esigxiliwe”. Kodwa-ke, imishini yokusika isinkwa yobungcweti iguqulwa ngokuphelele ngokuklama okuhlosiwe:
Isinkwa esithambile/esithambile: akukho ukugoqa noma ukuguqulwa
Ngezinkwa ezithambile ezifana nesinkwa se-chiffon nesinkwa sefu, ukusika ngesandla kuzochoboza umzimba wesinkwa ngamandla amancane, okuholela ekuweni kwezimbobo zomoya zangaphakathi. Umshini wokusika wamukela idizayini "yokudlulisa ukucindezela okulula + ukusika kwe-blade emincane". Lapho i-blade ithinta isinkwa, icindezela kuphela ingcindezi encane, futhi ngokudla okufanayo, umzimba wesinkwa uhlala uthambile ngemva kokusika, futhi izimbobo zomoya zangaphakathi ziqinile.
Isinkwa esikhilimu / esiqinile: akukho imvuthuluka noma imfucumfucu
Ngezinkwa ezicwebezelayo njengama-baguette, ama-pretzels, nesinkwa sikakolweni esiqinile saseYurophu, ukusika ngesandla kulula ukukhiqiza imvuthuluka eminingi (engachithi nje kuphela izinto ezisetshenziswayo kodwa futhi engcolisa itafula lokusebenza). I-serrated blade yomshini wokusika ipholishwa ngokukhethekile, futhi iphimbo lamazinyo lihambisana nobulukhuni besinkwa. Ngesikhathi sokusika, "i-serrated occlusion + ukusika okusheshayo" kunciphisa ukungqubuzana, futhi inani lemvuthulu lingaphezu kuka-80% ngaphansi kwalelo lokusika ngesandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ijubane le-blade lingashintshwa (ijubane lingancishiswa ngesinkwa esinzima kakhulu ukugwema ukuphuka kwesikhumba ngenxa yomthelela wesivinini esikhulu).
Isinkwa esigcwalisiwe: akukho extrusion yokugcwalisa noma umonakalo
Ngezinkwa ezigxiliwe ngokhilimu, ujamu, noma amantongomane, ukusika okwenziwa ngesandla kulula ukukhama futhi kubangele ukuchichima kokugcwalisa. Idivaysi yokondla yomshini wokusika inomsebenzi "wokumisa okuguquguqukayo", ongalungisa ngobumnene izinhlangothi zombili zesinkwa ngaphandle kokucindezela isikhungo. I-blade isika ngokunembile umzimba wesinkwa ngenkathi igwema indawo lapho ukugcwaliswa kugxilwe khona. Ngemuva kokusika, ukugcwaliswa kuhlala kuqinile futhi imiphetho ihlanzekile.
4. Ukuthuthwa Kwendle Okuqinisekisiwe Nokuphepha, Ukuhlangabezana Namazinga Okudla Amazinga
Ukulungiswa kokudla kunezidingo eziphezulu zokukhucululwa kwendle. Imishini yokusika isinkwa ihlangabezana ngokugcwele namazinga okuphepha kokudla ngokuya ngezinto zokwakha kanye nokwakhiwa kokuhlanza:
Izinto ezisezingeni lokudla, ezingenabuthi futhi ezingenabungozi
Izingxenye ezixhumene nesinkwa (izindwani, amabhande okuthutha, ama-chute okuphakelayo) zenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali engu-304 noma ijeli ye-silica yezinga lokudla, ekwazi ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu futhi imelana nokugqwala. Ngeke azale amagciwane ngenxa yokuxhumana isikhathi eside nemvuthuluka yesinkwa namafutha, futhi ahlangabezane namazinga kazwelonke okuphepha emishinini yokudla (njenge-GB 4706.43).
Ukuklama okulula ukukuhlanza, ukunciphisa inhlanzeko amakhona afile
Ama-blades amamodeli amaningi angahlakazwa ngokushesha (ngaphandle kwamathuluzi), ibhande lokuthutha lingakhishwa ngokuhlukile ukuze lihlanzwe, futhi amakhona e-chute okuphakelayo aklanywe ngama-arcs (awekho amakhona afile angakwesokudla) ukuze agweme imvuthuluka yesinkwa esisele. Amanye amamodeli asezingeni eliphezulu abuye afakwe imisebenzi yokuhlanza okuzenzakalelayo (njenge-high-pressure water spray + ultraviolet disinfection). Ngemuva kokusika, uhlelo lungaqalwa ukuhlanza ama-blades kanye nezindawo zokuthintana, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuhlanza ngesandla kanye nengozi yokungcola okuphambene.
Anti-pinch ukuvikelwa, ukusebenza okuphephile
Okokusebenza kufakwe izinzwa ze-infrared noma izisetshenziswa zokuvikela ezisebenza ngomshini. Uma izandla zisondela endaweni yokufaka okuphakelayo noma indawo yeblade, izoma ngokuzenzekelayo, igweme ingozi yokuklwejwa amathuluzi ngesikhathi sokusika mathupha, okulungele ikakhulukazi izimo lapho izisebenzi zasebhikawozi zisebenza khona njalo.
5. Ukuzivumelanisa Ngokuguquguqukayo Nezimo, Zifanele Kokubili Izitolo Nezimboni
Imishini yokusika isinkwa iklanywe ngamamodeli ahlukahlukene ngokuya ngezimo ezihlukene zokusetshenziswa, ehlangabezana nezidingo zesigcawu esigcwele kusuka kumabhikawozi ngamanye kuya ezimbonini ezinkulu zokudla:
Imishini emincane yedeskithophu: ilungele izitolo namashabhu amancane
Zincane ngosayizi (ngokuvamile zingu-50cm ubude × 40cm ububanzi × 30cm ukuphakama), zingabekwa ngokuqondile etafuleni lokusebenza, azidingi ukufakwa okuhleliwe, futhi zingasetshenziswa ngokuxhuma amandla. Zifanele izimo ezinevolumu yokusika nsuku zonke ngaphansi kwezinkwa ezingama-50 (njengamabhikawozi omphakathi nezitolo zekhofi). Ayathengeka (ama-yuan ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa), kulula ukuwaphatha nokuyinakekela.
Imishini ye-semi-automatic yosayizi omaphakathi: ilungele izitolo zamaketanga namakhishi amaphakathi
Zihlonyiswe ngebhande lokuthutha kanye nenjini eshintshwa isivinini, zingaqhubeka ziphakela futhi zisike, zisekele ukucutshungulwa kweqoqo, futhi zingahambisana nobujamo obuhlukahlukene besinkwa (indilinga, ubude, isikwele). Amanye amamodeli “anomsebenzi wokubala” ongabala inani lokusikeka, enze kube lula ukuphathwa kwe-inventory. Zifanele izimo ezinomthamo wokusika nsuku zonke wezinkwa ezingu-100-300.
Imishini emikhulu yokuhlanganisa ezenzakalelayo ngokugcwele: ifanele izimboni ezilungisa ukudla
Angaxhunywa ngaphandle komthungo nemigqa yokukhiqiza isinkwa (njengemigqa yokupholisa kanye nelayini yokupakisha) ukuze kubonakale ukuzenzekelayo okugcwele "kokubhaka - ukupholisa - ukusika - ukupakisha". Basekela ukusetha kusengaphambili imingcele yokusika ngohlelo lokulawula lwe-PLC (njengokulungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukujiya nesivinini samaqoqo ahlukene esinkwa), ngomthamo wokusika wezinkwa ezingaphezu kuka-500 ngehora, kunciphisa kakhulu ukungenelela okwenziwa ngesandla. Zifanele ukukhiqizwa okukhulu kwamabhizinisi amakhulu okubhaka.
6. Ukunciphisa Ukulahlwa Kwempahla Engavuthiwe kanye Nokuthuthukisa Ikhono Lokulawula Izindleko
Ngesikhathi sokusika isinkwa sesandla, ngenxa yamaphethelo angavamile kanye nemvuthuluka eminingi, ngokuvamile kudingekile ukusika "izingxenye ezingafanelekile", okuholela emfucumfucu wempahla eluhlaza (ngokuvamile i-5% -10% ye-waste rate). Kodwa-ke, imishini yokusika isinkwa inciphisa ngokuqondile imfucuza ngokusika okunembile kanye nomklamo wokulahlekelwa okuncane:
Iimvuthu ezimbalwa, izinga eliphezulu lokusebenzisa impahla eluhlaza: Ngesinkwa se-crispy, inani le-crumb lingalawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-1%; ngesinkwa esithambile, cishe akukho imvuthuluka. Ingxenye eyamoshwa ekuqaleni ngenxa “yezicucu” ingaguqulwa ngokuphelele ibe yimikhiqizo eqediwe. Ngokusekelwe ekucubunguleni isinkwa esingu-100kg ngosuku, izindleko zempahla eluhlaza zonyaka zingalondolozwa ngamashumi ezinkulungwane zamayuan.
Ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa "kokucubungula okwesibili".: Imikhiqizo engafaneleki evela ekusikeni okwenziwa ngesandla (njengezingcezu ezisontekile nezingcezu ezilimele) idinga ukucutshungulwa kabusha (njengokwenza imvuthuluka yesinkwa), kuyilapho izinga elifanelekayo lemikhiqizo eqediwe evela emshinini wokusika lingaphezu kuka-99%, ukunciphisa isikhathi kanye nezindleko zomsebenzi wokucubungula kwesibili.
Ekuphetheni, amaphuzu ayinhloko okuthengisa emishini yokusika isinkwa angafingqwa ngokuthi: kugxile "ekunembile, ukusebenza kahle, ukusetshenziswa okuphansi, nokuphepha", axazulula amaphuzu obuhlungu wokusika okwenziwa ngesandla njengokuthi "okungajwayelekile, ukusebenza kahle okuphansi, ukulahlekelwa okuphezulu, kanye nesiqinisekiso esinzima sokuthuthwa kwendle". Ngasikhathi sinye, zivumelana nazo zonke izimo ngamamodeli ahlukahlukene, futhi ziyimishini ebalulekile embonini yokubhaka ukufeza ukukhiqizwa okujwayelekile, ukunciphisa izindleko, nokwandisa ukusebenza kahle.
