Nyuma yo gukata gakondo, pome iba oxyde byoroshye.
Kubanyamerika benshi, "biteguye-kurya-gupakira" nuburyo bwibicuruzwa bamenyereye cyane. Ibyo bita "biteguye-kurya-bipfunyika" bivuga ibicuruzwa bigakaraba, gukata, no gufungura mumufuka.
Nkimbuto, gukomeza ubuziranenge nyuma yo gukata ni ikibazo gikomeye. By'umwihariko, pome ikungahaye kuri polifenol-kubera imiterere myiza ya antioxydeant, ikoreshwa nkisoko y "inyungu zubuzima" kuri pome. Muri icyo gihe, pome irimo kandi "polifenol oxydease" -mu pome idahwitse, hamwe na polifenol bivanze biri mubice bitandukanye, amazi meza ntabangamira amazi yinzuzi. Ingirabuzimafatizo zimaze kumeneka, zombi zishyira hamwe, kandi okiside itera okiside ya polifenole mubintu byijimye. Ibi nibyo bakunze kwita "gukara". Pome yijimye ntabwo yatakaje agaciro keza gusa, ahubwo iherekejwe no kugabanuka kw uburyohe.
Igisubizo cyoroshye kandi cyoroshye ni ugukoresha "imiti" kugirango wirinde okiside nyuma yo gukata. Kurugero, calcium ascorbate ni antioxydeant ikoreshwa mubiribwa. Shira pome yaciwe mumuti wamazi wa calcium ascorbate kugirango uhagarike cyane ibikorwa bya okiside ya polifenol kandi ugumane pome igihe kirekire nta bara.
Ariko, abantu benshi birinda ubwenge "inyongeramusaruro". Nyuma yo gushiramo igisubizo cyamazi, baracyafite ingaruka kuburyohe. Abanyamerika kandi bakoze ubushakashatsi ku buryo bwo "gushakisha amafaranga munsi y’icyayi" kugira ngo babuze pome gukora okiside ya polifenol. Noneho ko tekinoroji ya genetike ikuze cyane, ntabwo arikintu kigoye. Ubwoko bushya bwemewe bwo kwamamaza muri Amerika, “Arctic Apple”, bubuza synthesis ya polifenol oxydease binyuze muri RNA. Pome yubwoko butandukanye ntabwo izahindura byoroshye amabara nyuma yo gutemwa.
Ku ishusho hejuru, uruhande rwiburyo ni "Arctic Apple", naho uruhande rwibumoso nuburyo butandukanye budahinduwe. Nyuma yo gutemwa mugihe runaka, ubwoko butahinduwe bwatangiye kumera, kandi pome yahinduwe genetike iburyo iracyari imwe.
Usibye pome ubwayo, abahanga basanze uburyo bwo gutema nabwo bugira ingaruka zikomeye kumururu no kuryoherwa na pome.
Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, ibara rya pome riva mu nama ya polifenol na okiside ya polifenol nyuma yo guhagarika ingirabuzimafatizo. Niba gukata bisa nkaho bitagaragara, selile nyinshi zizajanjagurwa kandi zijanjagurwa mugihe cyo gutema; muburyo bunyuranye, niba icyuma gityaye, kizacibwa nta kwikanyiza cyane, kandi selile nkeya zangirika. Hamwe nubwoko bwa "gukata pome" mubishusho bibanza, hariho selile nyinshi zijanjagurwa mugihe ukata, kandi biroroshye guhinduka nyuma yo gukata.
Gukata Ultrasonic ni tekinoroji yo gutunganya yakoreshejwe cyane mu nganda. Ubushakashatsi bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru cy’ubumenyi bw’ibiribwa muri 2019 bugaragaza impinduka mu bubiko bwa pome zaciwe na ultrasound.
Ubushakashatsi bwagereranije ibisubizo byo gukata nta ultrasound, hamwe na 30%, 40%, na 50% ingufu za ultrasound.
Ku ishusho iri hejuru, A na B ni ibice byaciwe na pome hamwe na ultrasound, kandi C na D ni ibice byaciwe nimbuto zinzoka hamwe na ultrasound. Ugereranije no kudakoresha ultrasound, hejuru yaciwe ukoresheje ultrasound iroroshye, irakomera, hamwe na selile zidacitse, kandi umuvuduko wijimye utinda mugihe cyo kubika. Abashakashatsi bavanyeho pome hafi cm 1 z'ubugari hejuru yaciwe kugirango bamenye ibikorwa bya okiside ya polifenol. Ibisubizo byerekanye ko mugihe cyo gukata, ultrasound yangije cyane okiside ya polifenol. Iyo ingufu za ultrasonic ziri hejuru, niko ibyangiritse bikomera.
Nibyo, intego nyamukuru yubushakashatsi nuburyo bwo guhindura uburyohe nuburyohe. Abashitsi 23 bakoreshejwe mugupima ubushakashatsi, hamwe 1 yerekana "kudakunda cyane" na 9 byerekana "cyane". Ibisubizo byerekana ko yaba ibara cyangwa uburyohe, ibyaciwe na ultrasonique bikunzwe cyane; muburyo bwo kubika, ingero zaciwe na ultrasonique zama nantaryo zizwi cyane kuruta izitagabanijwe.
Kurugero, mumanota "kwemerwa muri rusange", impuzandengo ya amanota ya ultrasound na 50% yagabanije Huang Shuai yari 4.5 na 8.4, icyumweru kimwe nyuma ya 4.3 na 7.1, nibyumweru bibiri nyuma ya 3.3 na 5.7. Ni ukuvuga, 50% bya pome yaciwe na ultrasound, nyuma yibyumweru bibiri, irazwi cyane kuruta iyo yaciwe na ultrasound.
Inzira imwe ibera mu mbuto zinzoka. Iyo yaciwe gusa, amanota atagabanijwe na ultrasonic yari 4.7, akaba yari ahantu hagati ya "ntabikunda cyangwa atabishaka" na "udakunda gato", mugihe amanota 50% yagabanijwe ultrasound yari 8.3, yari hagati ya "cyane" na "bikabije Nkayo"; nyuma yibyumweru bibiri, amanota atagabanijwe na ultrasound yari 1.7, hagati y "" udakunzwe cyane "na" udakunzwe cyane ", naho amanota 50% yagabanijwe ultrasound yari 5.7, yari hagati y" kutitaho Hagati ya "kudakunda" na "gake nka".
