Ultrasonic lub zog ua haujlwm ntawm qhov nruab nrab, uas yuav ua rau cov khoom vibrate ntawm kev kub ceev thiab tsim cov kev hloov pauv xws li ceev, acceleration, suab siab, thiab suab siv zog, yog li ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau txhua yam. Ultrasound yog ib daim ntawv ntawm txhua yam zog propagation, uas muaj feem xyuam rau cov txheej txheem yoj thiab yuav ua rau ib tug linear nyhuv ntawm kev co. Thaum lub ultrasonic yoj propagates nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, txawm hais tias lub amplitude ntawm particle displacement yog me me, acceleration ntawm particle tshwm sim los ntawm ultrasonic yoj yog loj heev.
Yog hais tias lub 20kHz, 1W / cm2 ultrasonic yoj propagates nyob rau hauv dej, lub suab siab amplitude generated los ntawm nws yog 173kPa, uas txhais tau hais tias lub suab siab amplitude yuav tsum hloov 20,000 lub sij hawm ntawm qhov zoo thiab tsis zoo 173kPa ib ob, thiab qhov siab tshaj particle acceleration txog li 1440km / s2, xws li khaus thiab hloov kho sai sai yog cov neeg kho tshuab vibration nyhuv ntawm lub hwj chim ultrasound.
Thaum lub nruab nrab ultrasonic tsis yog ib qho nruab nrab txheej txheej (xws li cov ntaub so ntswg lom neeg, tib neeg lub cev, thiab lwm yam), lub acoustic impedance ntawm txhua txheej ntawm cov xov xwm yuav ua rau lub suab tsis muaj suab nrov los cuam tshuam thiab tsim yoj sawv. Cov antinodes thiab nodes ntawm sawv yoj ua rau lub siab thiab nro Thiab acceleration hloov. Txij li qhov loj ntawm cov xov xwm sib txawv (xws li biomolecules) sib txawv, qhov kev vibration ceev tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov siab sib txawv, thiab lub siab hloov pauv los ntawm cov txheeb ze ntawm cov xov xwm hais yog lwm qhov laj thawj rau cov nyhuv ultrasonic. Cov kev siv tshuab siv ultrasound yuav tsum tau ua tiav (perforation, txiav, compaction, nto zog, vuam, tu, polishing, thiab tshem tawm ntawm undesirable films thiab av, thiab lwm yam), thiab kuj siv los ua kom ceev dispersion, homogenization, emulsification, thiab crushing, Sterilization thiab lwm yam txheej txheem.
Cov nyhuv mechanical ntawm ultrasound tau siv dav hauv kev tsim khoom, thiab cov piv txwv yog raws li hauv qab no.
Mechanical agitation
Ultrasonic high-frequency vibration thiab hluav taws xob siab tuaj yeem tsim kev ntxhov siab thiab ntws hauv cov pa thiab kua. Lub dav hlau muaj zog thiab hauv zos micro-rush flow generated los ntawm cavitation npuas vibration ntawm cov khoom nto tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj zog ntawm qhov nro thiab kev sib txhuam ntawm cov kua, thiab rhuav tshem cov txheej txuas ntawm cov khoom-kua sib txuas, yog li nws tsis tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov tsis tshua muaj kev sib tsoo tshuab. nyhuv. Cov nyhuv no yog lub hauv paus rau kev siv tshuaj los ntawm tib neeg cov tawv nqaij, cov khoom zoo nkauj rau tib neeg cov tawv nqaij, ultrasonic degassing, zaub mov thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce leveling thiab refinement.
Interdiffusion
Lub siab thiab kub nyhuv ntawm ultrasonic kev co thiab cavitation yog siv los txhawb kev sib nrig sib nkag mus ntawm molecules ntawm ob kua, ob tug khib nyiab, los yog kua-khoom thiab kua-gas interfaces los tsim cov khoom tshiab. Ultrasonic vuam ntawm hlau los yog yas, ultrasonic emulsification, tu, atomization yuav muab cais raws li cov teebmeem.
Homogenize
Tom qab cov npuas cavitation raug kaw, lub hauv paus poob siab yoj tuaj yeem tsoo cov khoom hauv cov kua ua kom zoo; ua kom lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj; faib cov kua mis loj thiab tsis sib xws rau hauv cov khoom me me (xws li cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob, cov tshuaj kho mob qog noj ntshav, thiab lwm yam); Nws tuaj yeem suav nrog thrombolysis thiab lwm yam teebmeem.
Kev sib koom tes
Ultrasonic kev co tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom raug tshem tawm hauv cov roj thiab cov kua nruab nrab txav ntawm qhov sib txawv, ua rau muaj kev sib tsoo theem; los yog siv cov nthwv dej sawv los ua rau lawv nyiam cov antinodes, yog li txheej txheem agglomeration tshwm sim. Plua plav sau nyob rau hauv lub flue thiab dag dag poob rau hauv pawg no.
Mechanical txiav txiav
Vim muaj kev nrawm nrawm ntawm ultrasonic kev co thiab cov nyhuv ntawm cavitation thiab acoustic corrosion, tshwj xeeb thiab meej ua cov ntaub ntawv nyuaj thiab nkig (gems, ceramics, iav, magnetic steel, thiab lwm yam) tuaj yeem ua tau.
Smash
Kev siv lub siab siv ultrasound pulses tuaj yeem tsoo lub raum pob zeb thiab gallstones hauv lub cev yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov ntaub so ntswg.
