Bayan yankan gargajiya, apples suna da sauƙin oxidized.
Ga Amurkawa da yawa, “marufi na shirye-shiryen ci” shine nau'in samfurin da suka saba da shi. Abin da ake kira "marufi na shirye-shiryen ci" yana nufin nau'in samfurin da aka wanke, yanke, da budewa a cikin jaka.
A matsayin 'ya'yan itace, kiyaye ingancin bayan yankan babban kalubale ne. Musamman, apples suna da wadata a cikin mahadi na polyphenol-saboda kyawawan kaddarorin antioxidant, ana amfani da su azaman tushen "amfanin lafiya" ga apples. A lokaci guda, apples kuma sun ƙunshi "polyphenol oxidase" - a cikin apples apples, shi da polyphenol mahadi suna cikin kwayoyin halitta daban-daban, ruwan rijiyar ba ya keta ruwan kogi. Da zarar sel sun karye, su biyun sun taru, kuma oxidase yana haɓaka iskar oxygenation na polyphenols zuwa abu mai launin ruwan duhu. Wannan shi ne abin da aka fi sani da "browning". Tuffa mai launin ruwan kasa ba kawai ta rasa ƙimarta mai ban sha'awa ba, har ma tare da raguwar dandano.
Mafi sauƙi kuma mafi kyawun bayani shine amfani da "sunadarai" don hana oxidation bayan yanke. Misali, calcium ascorbate shine antioxidant da aka saba amfani dashi a abinci. A nutsar da itacen apple da aka yanke a cikin wani bayani mai ruwa-ruwa na calcium ascorbate don hana aikin polyphenol oxidase sosai da kiyaye apple ɗin na ɗan lokaci ba tare da canza launin ba.
Duk da haka, mutane da yawa suna taka-tsan-tsan da "abinci additives". Bayan jiƙa a cikin maganin ruwa mai ruwa, har yanzu suna da tasiri akan dandano. Har ila yau, Amirkawa sun binciko hanyar "zana kuɗi a kasan tanki" kai tsaye don hana apples daga samar da polyphenol oxidase. Yanzu da fasahar sarrafa kwayoyin halitta ta balaga sosai, wannan ba abu ne mai wahala ba. Wani sabon nau'in da aka amince don tallace-tallace a Amurka, "Apple Arctic", yana hana haɗakar polyphenol oxidase ta hanyar tsoma bakin RNA. Tuffa na wannan nau'in ba zai canza launi cikin sauƙi ba bayan an yanke shi.
A cikin hoton da ke sama, gefen dama shine "Apple Arctic", kuma gefen hagu shine nau'in da ba a gyara ba. Bayan an yanke shi na ɗan lokaci, nau'ikan da ba a canza su sun fara launin ruwan kasa ba, kuma apple ɗin da aka gyara ta hannun dama har yanzu iri ɗaya ne.
Baya ga tuffa da kanta, masana kimiyya sun gano cewa hanyar yankan ita ma tana da tasiri sosai kan launin ruwan kasa da kuma dandanon apple.
Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, launin ruwan kasa na apple ya fito ne daga taron polyphenols da polyphenol oxidase bayan rushewar kwayar halitta. Idan mai yankan yana da ɗanɗano kaɗan, za a murƙushe ƙarin sel kuma a murƙushe lokacin yanke; akasin haka, idan ruwa ya kasance mai kaifi, za a yanke shi ba tare da matsawa da yawa ba, kuma ƙananan ƙwayoyin za su lalace. Tare da irin "yanke apple na'urar" a cikin hoton da ya gabata, akwai ƙarin sel waɗanda aka murƙushe lokacin yankan, kuma yana da sauƙin launin ruwan kasa bayan yanke.
Ultrasonic yankan ne mai sarrafa fasaha da aka yi amfani da ko'ina a masana'antu. Wani bincike da aka buga a cikin Jaridar Kimiyyar Abinci a cikin 2019 ya bincika canje-canje a cikin ajiyar apples da aka yanke ta duban dan tayi.
Binciken ya kwatanta sakamakon yankan ba tare da duban dan tayi ba, kuma tare da 30%, 40%, da 50% makamashin duban dan tayi.
A cikin hoton da ke sama, A da B sune sassan da aka yanke na apples tare da ba tare da duban dan tayi ba, bi da bi, kuma C da D sune sassan da aka yanke na 'ya'yan itacen maciji tare da kuma ba tare da duban dan tayi ba, bi da bi. Idan aka kwatanta da rashin amfani da duban dan tayi, yanke saman ta yin amfani da duban dan tayi ya fi santsi, mai ƙarfi, tare da ƙananan ƙwayoyin da suka karye, kuma saurin launin ruwan kasa yana da hankali yayin ajiya. Masu binciken sun cire apples game da kauri 1 cm a saman da aka yanke don gano ayyukan polyphenol oxidase. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa yayin aiwatar da yankan, duban dan tayi ya haifar da mummunar lalacewa ga polyphenol oxidase. Mafi girman ƙarfin ultrasonic, mafi ƙarfi da lalacewa.
Tabbas, babban makasudin binciken shine yadda ake yin tasiri ga dandano da dandano. An yi amfani da masu ɗanɗano 23 don kimanta binciken, tare da 1 yana nuna "ƙaunata sosai" da 9 yana nuna "mafi so". Sakamakon ya nuna cewa ko launi ne ko dandano, masu yanke ultrasonically sun fi shahara; a cikin ajiya tsari, da ultrasonically yanke samfurori ne ko da yaushe nisa mafi mashahuri fiye da wadanda ba ultrasonically yanke.
Alal misali, a cikin "karɓar gabaɗaya" maki, matsakaicin ma'auni na wadanda ba Ultrasound da 50% duban dan tayi yanke Huang Shuai sun kasance 4.5 da 8.4, mako guda bayan 4.3 da 7.1, da makonni biyu bayan 3.3 da 5.7, bi da bi. Wato kashi 50% na apples da aka yanke ta hanyar duban dan tayi, bayan makonni biyu, sun fi shahara fiye da lokacin da ba a yanke su ba.
Irin wannan yanayin yana faruwa a cikin 'ya'yan maciji. Lokacin da aka yanke shi kawai, ƙimar yanke ba ta ultrasonic ba shine 4.7, wanda shine wani wuri tsakanin "ba ya son shi ko a'a" da "kadan ƙi", yayin da 50% duban dan tayi yanke maki ya kasance 8.3, wanda yake tsakanin "sosai" da" matsananci Kamar shi "; bayan makonni biyu, da wadanda ba Ultrasound yanke ci ne 1.7, tsakanin" sosai ƙi "kuma" musamman ƙi ", kuma 50% duban dan tayi yanke ci shi ne 5.7, wanda yake tsakanin" sha'aninsu dabam Tsakanin "ƙi" da "kadan kamar".
